Traffic Flow Characteristics and Lane Use Strategies for Connected and Automated Vehicles in Mixed Traffic Conditions

Managed lanes, such as a dedicated lane for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), can provide not only technological accommodation but also desired market incentives road users to adopt CAVs in the near future. In this paper, we investigate traffic flow characteristics with two configurations of managed across different penetration rates quantify benefits from perspectives lane-level headway distribution, fuel consumption, communication density, overall network performance. The results highlight implementing strategies CAVs: (1) A CAV significantly extends stable region speed-flow diagram yields greater capacity. As result shows, highest rate is 3400 per hour at 90% one lane. (2) concentration narrower distribution (with smaller standard deviation) even partial penetration. (3) able eliminate duel-bell-shape that caused by heterogeneous flow. (4) creates more consistent which facilitates activity decreases probability packet dropping.